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AHU stands for Air Handling Unit, and it is a crucial component in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. The AHU is responsible for circulating and conditioning air as part of the building's HVAC system. Here are the main parts and the working principles of an Air Handling Unit:

Parts of an AHU:

Filter Section:

The incoming air passes through filters to remove dust, particles, and contaminants. Filters help maintain indoor air quality and protect downstream components.
Coil Section (Heating and Cooling Coils):

The coil section consists of heating and/or cooling coils. These coils are responsible for adjusting the temperature of the air as needed. In the heating mode, hot water or steam coils may be used, while in the cooling mode, chilled water coils or direct expansion coils are common.
Humidification Section:

In some AHUs, especially in regions with dry climates, there may be a humidification section. This component adds moisture to the air to achieve the desired humidity levels.
Mixing Chamber:

The mixing chamber is where the treated air from the heating and cooling coils is mixed to achieve the desired temperature before being distributed.
Fan Section:

The fan section includes one or more fans that are responsible for moving air through the AHU and into the ductwork. Fans can be of various types, such as centrifugal or axial, depending on the design and requirements.
Vibration Isolators:

Vibration isolators are used to reduce the transmission of vibrations from the fan and motor to the rest of the AHU and the building structure.
Ductwork and Plenums:

Ductwork connects the AHU to the building's ventilation system. Plenums are large chambers that help distribute air evenly to different parts of the building.
Sound Attenuators:

Sound attenuators may be included to reduce noise generated by the fan and airflow. This is important in maintaining a comfortable and quiet indoor environment.
Control System:

The control system manages the operation of the AHU. It monitors and adjusts parameters such as temperature, humidity, and air velocity to maintain the desired indoor conditions.
Working of an AHU:

Air Intake:

The process begins with the AHU drawing in ambient air from the surroundings.
Filtration:

The air passes through filters to remove contaminants and particles, improving indoor air quality.
Heating or Cooling:

Depending on the HVAC system's mode (heating or cooling), the air passes through the heating or cooling coils to adjust its temperature.
Humidification (if required):

In some cases, a humidification section adds moisture to the air to achieve the desired humidity levels.
Mixing Chamber:

The treated air is mixed in the mixing chamber to reach the desired temperature before being sent into the ductwork.
Fan Operation:

Fans in the AHU push the conditioned air through the ductwork and into various areas of the building.
Control System:

The control system continuously monitors indoor conditions and adjusts the operation of the AHU to maintain the desired temperature, humidity, and air quality.
Overall, the AHU plays a vital role in maintaining a comfortable and healthy indoor environment by conditioning and distributing air throughout a building.

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